įorestry Canada Fire Danger Group, 1992: Development and structure of the Canadian forest fire behavior prediction system.
KINGDOM UNDER FIRE 2 THAILAND ARCHIVE
Manag., 144, 67–74.įIRMS-Fire Information for Resource Management System, cited 2007: FIRMS MODIS Fire Archive Download. M., 2001: Fire spread prediction in shrub fuels in Portugal. Andreae, 1990: Biomass burning in the tropics: Impacts on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles, Science, 250, 1678–1679.įernandes, P. Catchpole, 1998: Prediction of fire spread in grasslands. Song, 2010: Estimates of biomass burning emissions in tropical Asia based on satellite-derived data. Hoffmann, 2009: MODIS Collection 5 Burned Area Product - MCD45 User’s Guide Version 2.0 November 2009, 35 pp.īOE-Bureau of Epidemiology Department of Disease Control Ministry of Public Health of Thailand, cited 2011: Safety impact assessment on health in areas experiencing fear from forest fire smoke haze. Merlet, 2001: Emissions of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Forest Fire Control Division National Park Wildfire and plant conservation department of Thailand, 64 pp.Īndreae, M. Nhuchaiya, 2004: Fuel characteristics in dry dipterocarp forest at huai kha khaeng wildlife sanctuary. Forest Fire Control Division National Park Wildfire and plant conservation department of Thailand, 52 pp. Tongton, 2003: Fire behaviors in dry dipterocarp forest at huai kha khaeng wildlife sanctuary. The forest fire emissions were computed at 855593 tons of CO 2, 56318 tons of CO, 3682 tons of CH 4, 108 tons of N 2O, 4928 tons of PM 2.5, 4603 tons of PM 10, 357 tons of BC and 2816 tons of OC.Īkaakara, S., K. The total burned area was computed at 159309 ha corresponding to the surface biomass fuel of 541515 tons dry matter. According to the prescribed burning experiments, the average area of forest burned per fire event was found to fall within the range 1.09 to 12.47 ha, depending upon the terrain slope and weather conditions. The majority of forest FHS were detected in the afternoon. Each year, the most significant fires were observed during January–May, with a peak in March. These FHS mainly occurred in the northern, western, and upper north-eastern parts of Thailand.
The results indicate that 27817 fire hotspots (FHS) associated with forest fires were detected by the MODIS during 2005–2009.
This study aims to estimate emissions from forest fires in Thailand by using the combination of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for active fire products and country-specific data based on prescribed burning experiments. However, these emissions remain difficult to quantify due to uncertainty on the extent of burned areas and deficient knowledge on the forest fire behaviours in each country. Studies on air pollution and climate change have shown that forest fires constitute one of the major sources of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter, especially during the dry season.
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